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Silver asper, John II (1280-1297), Empire of Trebizond

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St. Eugenius standing facing, holding long cross; pelleted crossbar on shaft / John standing facing, holding labarum and akakia; manus Dei to upper right. 22mm, 1.95 grams. Primary mint. Bendall, Introduction 33; cf. Retowski 16; SB 260.

John II of Trebizond (reigned 1280–1297) was a ruler of the Empire of Trebizond whose reign was marked by efforts to balance diplomacy and internal stability in a fragile Black Sea state surrounded by powerful neighbors. He secured his position through marriage to a daughter of the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, which symbolized a reconciliation between Trebizond and Constantinople after decades of rivalry. John II faced pressure from Turkic groups in Anatolia and from regional nobles, but he maintained the independence of Trebizond through cautious alliances and limited military action. 


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