VRP ("ruler of all Russia") / POLU/SHKA/1719 (in Cyrillic numerals) // Double-headed eagle, crown above, N-D mintmark. Mint of Moscow. 14mm, 1.00 grams. Semyonov #11ff; KM 152.1-2.

Peter the Great (1682–1725) was Tsar of Russia and, from 1721, the first Emperor of All Russia. He transformed Russia into a major European power through sweeping military, administrative and cultural reforms, defeated Sweden in the Great Northern War (1700–1721), and founded St. Petersburg as his new capital. His reign also brought major reforms to Russian coinage, including the introduction of a modern decimal monetary system.