Arabic inscriptons on both sides: adl/La illah ialla/Allah wandahu/la sherik lahu/ al-Qaim ba -amr allah, fragments of mint and date / Muhammad Rasul Alla/Jamat ud-daula/wa qamal al-millat/Farrukhzad. 18mm, 3.64 grams. Undated, probably Ghazna mint. Tye 98 var.The Yamini Dirham is called this because it is named after the title of Mahmud (Yamin-ud-dulala Mahmud)The Ghaznavid Empire was a state in the region of today's Afghanistan that existed from 963 to 1187. It was created by Turks under Khan Sebük Tigin with the city Ghazna (Ghazni) as capital, replacing the Samanids. Sebük Tigin made himself lord of nearly all the present territory of Afghanistan and of the Punjab. In 997, Mahmud, the son of Sebük Tigin, succeeded his father upon his death, and with him Ghazni and the Ghaznavid dynasty have become perpetually associated. Issuing forth year after year from the capital, Mahmud carried fully seventeen expeditions of devastation through northern India and Gujarat, as well as others to the north and west. From the borders of Kurdistan to Samarkand, from the Caspian Sea to the Yamuna, his authority was acknowledged.