
Stylized bull left, Sri Sama in Nagari above / Arabic legend: Al-sultan/al-azam/ Taj-ud-Daula / Khushru Malik. 16mm, 3.24 grams. Lahore mint. Tye 119.1
These coins were struck in somewhat debased (but still white) silver - there were equal in weight and silver content to the more familiar "Islamic" silver dirhams struck in Ghazna and were probably intended to circulate as silver dirhams. The appearance is derived from the Samantadeva jitals familiar to the locals.
Khusrū Malik (r. 1160–1186) was the last ruler of the Ghaznavid dynasty, which had once controlled a vast empire from Ghazni to northern India. By his reign, the Ghaznavids had lost most of their territories and were confined mainly to Lahore and the Punjab. He struggled against the rising Ghurid dynasty, but in 1186 Lahore was captured by Muʿizz al-Dīn Muhammad of Ghor, who took Khusrū Malik prisoner and later executed him, bringing an end to the Ghaznavid line.