Rare AR drachm of Rudrasimha III (c.385-415 AD), Indo-Sakas - the last ruler of the Western Kshatrapas

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Bust of Rudrasimha right with collar showing, wearing a satrapal cap, date in Brahmi numerals behind bust (off flan), corrupt Greek inscription / Crescent on a hill over a wavy line, crescent in the left field and sun in the right field, Brahmi inscription Rajna Mahaksatrapasa Svami Satyasihaputrasa Rajna Mahaksatrapasa Svami Rudrasihasa ("of Raja Mahasatrap Lord Rudrasimha, son of Raja Mahasatrap Lord Satyasimha"). 16mm, 2.11 grams. The Silver coinage of the Western Satraps in India", A.Fishman, #38.1; Rajgor "The Studies in the Coinage of the Western Kshatraps" #899 var.

This type is from northern Maharashtra, not Gujarat. They are of different style and are scarcer than the normal Gujarati issues.

The Western Satraps, also known as the Kshatrapas, were a dynasty of Saka (Scythian) rulers who governed parts of western and central India—notably Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh—from roughly the 1st to the 4th century CE. They were contemporaries and sometimes rivals of the Kushan Empire in the north and the Satavahanas in the south. The dynasty was founded by Chashtana around the mid-1st century CE and reached its peak under rulers like Rudradaman I, who is known for military success and patronage of infrastructure, including the repair of the Sudarshana Lake, documented in a famous Sanskrit inscription.

The Western Satraps issued an extensive series of silver coins, often bilingual in Greek and Brahmi, which have been crucial for reconstructing the chronology of early Indian history. Their rule represents a significant period of cultural fusion between Indo-Scythian and Indian traditions, and they played an important role in the spread of Buddhism and Jainism. The dynasty gradually declined with the rise of the Gupta Empire, which absorbed their territories by the mid-4th century CE.

 


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