Crowned "F" monogram of Ferdinand V of Aragon, X · FERNANDVS · ET · HELI · ("Ferdinand and Isabella"), additional marks in fields // Crowned "Y" monogram of Isabella I of Castile, + REX : ET : REGINA : CAST : LEGI ("King and queen of Castile and Leon"), additional marks in fields. 16mm, 0.72 grams. Cuenca mint. Calico #453.

Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, ruled jointly from the late 15th century and are best known for unifying the Spanish kingdoms of Aragon and Castile, completing the Reconquista with the conquest of Granada in 1492, and sponsoring Christopher Columbus's voyage to the New World. That same year, they issued the Alhambra Decree, ordering the expulsion of Jews from Spain unless they converted to Christianity, a decision that led to the forced exile of tens of thousands of Jews and marked a significant moment in the history of Spanish religious intolerance. Their reign laid the foundations of a unified, imperial Spain, deeply tied to Catholic identity.