{"title":"Caliphal governors of Sind, 712-850 AD","description":"Before the coming of Islam in 711\/12, Sind and Punjab were dominated by the local dynasties. The rulers of these dynasties minted interesting small silver coins, first properly studied and described in Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\" book. These are fascinating coins, showing the elements of the native, Persian and Hunnic cultures.","products":[{"product_id":"x6754-f212","title":"Rare! Silver damma of Da'ud al-Muhallabi (800-820 CE), Abbasid Governor of Sindh","description":"\u003cp\u003eRare! Silver damma of Da'ud ibn Yazid al-Muhallabi (800-820 CE), Governor of Sindh under the Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAllah wali \/ Da'ud \/ wa nasarahu\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the friend of Da'ud and his helper\") \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Muhammad is the messenger of God\"). 11mm, 0.59 grams. G\/G #AS20 (incorrectly listed as a Habbarid Amir); Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS12.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDa'ud was a member of the powerful al-Muhallabi family, a son of Yazid ibn Hatim, the Governor of Ifriqiyah under four Caliphs. He became was appointed to the governorship of Sindh by Caliph Harun al-Rashid in 800 CE. It is obvious from the numismatic record that Da'ud rejuvenated coin production (which might have ended some four decades earlier), minting coins on a scale hitherto unknown in Arab Sindh. He introduced the standard \"Allah wali\" inscription Da'ud's version of the legends remained one of the standard inscriptions on the coins of some of his successors and on many Habbarid coins for well over a century. Most coins of Da'ud are very worn (often with the reverse completely smooth) and it seems that they remained in circulation for up to two centuries, as they are often found hoarded alongside 9th to 10th century CE Habbarid coins. Da'ud's coins which were buried or hoarded in the early 9th century CE (like many of the coins pictured below), and thus did not see decades of circulation, are very rare, unlike the more worn examples.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156361482390,"sku":"x6754-F212","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/F212.jpg?v=1663944259"},{"product_id":"x6797-f304","title":"RR! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, c.831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasid Caliphate (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156363219094,"sku":"x6797-F304","price":73.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/F304.jpg?v=1663944303"},{"product_id":"x6798-f305","title":"RR silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa of Sindh, c.831-33 CE, Abbasid Caliphate (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156363251862,"sku":"x6798-F305","price":90.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/F305.jpg?v=1663944305"},{"product_id":"x6800-f307","title":"Extremely rare! Silver damma of Musa (831-836 CE), Governor of Sindh under Abbasid Caliphate","description":"\u003cp\u003e \tLa ilah illa Allah \/ al-malik al-haqq \/ Muhammad rasul Allah \/ Musa (œThere is no God but Allah, the true King, Muhammad is the messenger of God, Musa�) \/\/ Al-Imam \/ Abu Ishaq \/ Amir al-Mu™minin \/ Barmaki (œImam Abu Ishaq, Commander of the Faithful, Barmaki�) 10mm, 0.45 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS19.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\"Imam Abu Ishaq\" in the inscription refers to Abu Ishaq Muhammad ibn Harun al-Rashid, better known as the Abbsid Caliph al-Mu™tasim (833-42 CE). Musa came from the famous Barmakid family  which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown just a year or two ago - they were first published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\", and sell for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album). \u003c\/p\u003e ","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156363317398,"sku":"x6800-F307","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/F307.jpg?v=1663944309"},{"product_id":"x6802-f311","title":"RR silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa of Sindh, c.831-33 CE, Abbasid Caliphate (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.45 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156363382934,"sku":"x6802-F311","price":95.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/F311.jpg?v=1663944313"},{"product_id":"x6807-f309","title":"RR silver damma, temp. Musa Barmaki of Sindh, c.831-33 CE, Abbasid Caliphate (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156363546774,"sku":"x6807-F309","price":75.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/F309.jpg?v=1663944323"},{"product_id":"x6810-f320","title":"Silver damma of Muhammad III, Banu Munabbih, independent Multan, ca.860's CE (FT-M59)","description":"\u003cp\u003eSharada legend \"Sri Mihiradeva\" \/\/ Three dots, stylized Brahmi \"Sri\" above, Brahmi letters \"Ta\" and \"Pa+\" in fields, below \"Lillah Muhammad\" (or \"Lillah Mih\")' in arabic. 13mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #M59. SKU H64 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMuhammad III, whose full name was Muhammad bin al-Qasim bin Munabbih, was the first of the Banu Munabbih (Samid) rulers of Multan - he conquered Multan around 861 AD or so and issued these interesting silver dammas bearing his Hindu epithet \"Mihiradeva\" (\"Sun god\") on the reverse. His coins are probably the crudest of all Multani \"three-dot\" coins, but are still fascinating, as it is completely unexpected for a Muslim Amir to take a Hindu epithet which refers to a very non-Muslim Sun God.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156363776150,"sku":"x6810-F320","price":40.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/F320.jpg?v=1663944328"},{"product_id":"x6783-f282-w45034","title":"Rare! Silver damma of Da'ud al-Muhallabi (800-820 CE), Abbasid Governor of Sindh","description":"\u003cp\u003eRare! Silver damma of Da'ud ibn Yazid al-Muhallabi (800-820 CE), Governor of Sindh under the Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAllah wali \/ Da'ud \/ wa nasarahu\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the friend of Da'ud and his helper\") \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Muhammad is the messenger of God\"). 11mm, 0.57 grams. G\/G #AS20 (incorrectly listed as a Habbarid Amir); Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS12.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDa'ud was a member of the powerful al-Muhallabi family, a son of Yazid ibn Hatim, the Governor of Ifriqiyah under four Caliphs. He became was appointed to the governorship of Sindh by Caliph Harun al-Rashid in 800 CE. It is obvious from the numismatic record that Da'ud rejuvenated coin production (which might have ended some four decades earlier), minting coins on a scale hitherto unknown in Arab Sindh. He introduced the standard \"Allah wali\" inscription Da'ud's version of the legends remained one of the standard inscriptions on the coins of some of his successors and on many Habbarid coins for well over a century. Most coins of Da'ud are very worn (often with the reverse completely smooth) and it seems that they remained in circulation for up to two centuries, as they are often found hoarded alongside 9th to 10th century CE Habbarid coins. Da'ud's coins which were buried or hoarded in the early 9th century CE (like many of the coins pictured below), and thus did not see decades of circulation, are very rare, unlike the more worn examples.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42156390318230,"sku":"x6783-F282-w45034","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/w45034.jpg?v=1663945860"},{"product_id":"rare-silver-damma-of-daud-al-muhallabi-800-820-ce-abbasid-governor-of-sindh","title":"Rare silver damma of Da'ud al-Muhallabi (800-820 CE), Abbasid Governor of Sindh","description":"\u003cp\u003eRare! Silver damma of Da'ud ibn Yazid al-Muhallabi (800-820 CE), Governor of Sindh under the Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAllah wali \/ Da'ud \/ wa nasarahu\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the friend of Da'ud and his helper\") \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Muhammad is the messenger of God\"). 11mm, 0.51 grams. G\/G #AS20 (incorrectly listed as a Habbarid Amir); Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS12; Album 1493.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDa'ud was a member of the powerful al-Muhallabi family, a son of Yazid ibn Hatim, the Governor of Ifriqiyah under four Caliphs. He became was appointed to the governorship of Sindh by Caliph Harun al-Rashid in 800 CE. It is obvious from the numismatic record that Da'ud rejuvenated coin production (which might have ended some four decades earlier), minting coins on a scale hitherto unknown in Arab Sindh. He introduced the standard \"Allah wali\" inscription Da'ud's version of the legends remained one of the standard inscriptions on the coins of some of his successors and on many Habbarid coins for well over a century. Most coins of Da'ud are very worn (often with the reverse completely smooth) and it seems that they remained in circulation for up to two centuries, as they are often found hoarded alongside 9th to 10th century CE Habbarid coins. Da'ud's coins which were buried or hoarded in the early 9th century CE (like many of the coins pictured below), and thus did not see decades of circulation, are very rare, unlike the more worn examples.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42237099770006,"sku":"x7644-53898","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/products\/w53898.jpg?v=1666185544"},{"product_id":"rrr-ar-damma-of-imran-ca-831-833-ce-interim-governor-of-sindh-under-his-father-musa-abbasid-caliphate","title":"Rare AR damma of 'Imran, c.831-33 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh, Abbasid Caliphate (F\/T#CS21)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS21.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47814176899387,"sku":"x5164-51972","price":75.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w51972.jpg?v=1708570698"},{"product_id":"rrr-earliest-islamic-coins-of-india-silver-damma-w-alla-c712-717-ad-multan","title":"RRR! Earliest Islamic coins of India - silver damma w\/Lillah, c.712\/717 AD, Multan","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR! Earliest Islamic coins of India - silver damma w\/Lillah, c.712\/717 AD, Multan\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHeavily stylized head facing right within a dotted border \/\/ Stylized fire altar with three dots, Arabic word \"Lillah\" on the base of the altar, Brahmi\/ Sharada legend \"Sri Tapanasa\" (\"of Tapana\"). 11mm, 0.61 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #M24.1 (this coin).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis particular coin is pictured in the Fishman\/Todd catalogue. Extremely rare and interesting, the earliest of all Islamic coins in India, minted very soon after the conquest of Multan by the Umayyad Caliphate in 712 CE. Extremely rare. Four coins published in Fishman and Todd, I am not aware of more specimens \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis rare type might well be the most interesting issue in the three-dot series, probably being the earliest of the post-Islamic conquest types – the old reverse design was kept in its entirety, including the entire Sharada legend and the fire altar, but the Arabic word لله - “Lillah” (“in Allah” or “in God”) was added to the reverse. Thus, the reverse of these coins combines elements of three cultures – the remnants of the Zoroastrian fire altar, the old design of the Hindu coins and the Islamic “Lillah”.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49339533132091,"sku":"x2533-57395","price":195.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57395.jpg?v=1723747214"},{"product_id":"rrr-earliest-islamic-coins-of-india-silver-damma-w-lillah-c-712-717-ad-multan","title":"RRR! Earliest Islamic coins of India - silver damma w\/Lillah, c.712\/717 AD, Multan","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR! Earliest Islamic coins of India - silver damma w\/Lillah, c.712\/717 AD, Multan\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHeavily stylized head facing right within a dotted border \/\/ Stylized fire altar with three dots, Arabic word \"Lillah\" on the base of the altar, Brahmi\/ Sharada legend \"Sri Tapanasa\" (\"of Tapana\"). 11mm, 0.64 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #M24.1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare and interesting, the earliest of all Islamic coins in India, minted very soon after the conquest of Multan by the Umayyad Caliphate in 712 CE. Extremely rare. Four coins published in Fishman and Todd. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis rare type might well be the most interesting issue in the three-dot series, probably being the earliest of the post-Islamic conquest types – the old reverse design was kept in its entirety, including the entire Sharada legend and the fire altar, but the Arabic word لله - “Lillah” (“in Allah” or “in God”) was added to the reverse. Thus, the reverse of these coins combines elements of three cultures – the remnants of the Zoroastrian fire altar, the old design of the Hindu coins and the Islamic “Lillah”.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49964293390651,"sku":"x9369-57701","price":75.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57701.jpg?v=1737654657"},{"product_id":"rr-silver-damma-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m32","title":"RR silver damma, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRR silver damma, Muhammad I (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eLillah\/ Fanasr\/ Fat’h Ghāz\/d\u003c\/em\u003e (\"In God, conquering warrior is victorious\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e \/ \u003cem\u003eAmir \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Amir Muhammad in God\") below. 13mm, 0.57 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M32.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name. Correlating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50538479321403,"sku":"x13923-57774","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57774.jpg?v=1756252448"},{"product_id":"rr-silver-damma-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m32-1","title":"RR silver damma, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRR silver damma, Muhammad I (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eLillah\/ Fanasr\/ Fat’h Ghāz\/d\u003c\/em\u003e (\"In God, conquering warrior is victorious\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e \/ \u003cem\u003eAmir \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Amir Muhammad in God\") below. 14mm, 0.64 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M32.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name. Correlating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50538498294075,"sku":"x13924-57511","price":70.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57511.jpg?v=1756252724"},{"product_id":"rr-silver-damma-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m32-3","title":"RR silver damma, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRR silver damma, Muhammad I (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eLillah\/ Fanasr\/ Fat’h Ghāz\/d\u003c\/em\u003e (\"In God, conquering warrior is victorious\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e \/ \u003cem\u003eAmir \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Amir Muhammad in God\") below. 13mm, 0.48 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M32.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name. Correlating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50538508615995,"sku":"x13953-57515","price":22.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57515.jpg?v=1756253149"},{"product_id":"rr-silver-damma-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m32-4","title":"RR silver damma, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRR silver damma, Muhammad I (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eLillah\/ Fanasr\/ Fat’h Ghāz\/d\u003c\/em\u003e (\"In God, conquering warrior is victorious\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e \/ \u003cem\u003eAmir \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Amir Muhammad in God\") below. 14mm, 0.67 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M32.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExceptional quality for this rare type, nicer than any of the 8 specimens illustrated in Fishman\/Todd.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name. Correlating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50538512253243,"sku":"x13954-57760","price":125.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57760.jpg?v=1756253228"},{"product_id":"rr-silver-damma-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m31","title":"RR silver damma, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M31)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRR silver damma, Muhammad I (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eLillah\/ Fanasr\/ Fat’h Ghāz\/d\u003c\/em\u003e (\"In God, conquering warrior is victorious\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Muhammad in God\") below. 14mm, 0.64 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M31.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRarer of the two varieties of this ruler, without the title \"Amir\" on the reverse.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name. Correlating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50538530767163,"sku":"x13956-57775","price":70.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57775.jpg?v=1756254104"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-governor-uyaynah-bin-musa-758-760-ce-caliphal-sindh-abbasids","title":"RRR silver damma, governor Uyaynah bin Musa (758-760 CE), Caliphal Sindh, Abbasids","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAmar bi(hi) (?) \/ ‘Uyaynah \u003c\/em\u003e(\"by the order of Uyaynah\") in two lines in arabic, \u003cem\u003eSri Mūṣa\/Putra\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Son of Musa\") in Nagari in two lines \/\/ First part of the Shahada in Arabic. 8.5mm, 0.34 grams. Mint in Sindh. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type CS10.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare and interesting bilingual issue, first identified in Fishman\/Todd, known only from a handful of specimens.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e‘Uyaynah, an Abbasid Da’i (missionary), was the son of the previous Governor Musa ibn Ka’b. Musa was a powerful personality and one of the leaders of the Abbasid revolution, who also held the governorship of Egypt and other important offices - his importance is attested by the fact that his name (in form of ...son of...) appears on the coins of his son Uyaynah, the only such instance for the entire Caliphal coinage of Sindh. It seems that ‘Uyaynah served as Lieutenant Governor of Sindh for some or all of his father’s governorship, certainly after Musa left Sindh for Iraq in 754 CE. ‘Uyaynah succeeded his father as Governor of Sindh upon his death in 758 CE, but was not given his father’s offices in Egypt, which seems to have precipitated ‘Uyaynah’s renunciation of allegiance to the Caliph. Caliph al-Mansur sent one ‘Umar bin Hafs to take control of Sindh and ‘Uyaynah was killed in 760 CE [Al-Tabari 1985-2007: v.28: 75, 77-78].\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50540715770171,"sku":"x13958-592210","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59220.jpg?v=1756323146"},{"product_id":"plate-coin-rrr-silver-damma-governor-uyaynah-bin-musa-758-760-ce-abbasid-sindh","title":"Plate coin - RRR silver damma, governor Uyaynah bin Musa (758-760 CE), Abbasid Sindh","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAmar bi(hi) (?) \/ ‘Uyaynah \u003c\/em\u003e(\"by the order of Uyaynah\") in two lines in arabic, \u003cem\u003eSri Mūṣa\/Putra\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Son of Musa\") in Nagari in two lines \/\/ First part of the Shahada in Arabic. 8.5mm, 0.34 grams. Mint in Sindh. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type CS10.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlate coin\u003c\/strong\u003e - illustrated in Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" as Type CS10.3 (rated RRR). Extremely rare and interesting bilingual issue, first identified in Fishman\/Todd, known only from a handful of specimens. Particularly rare with a nearly complete Nagari legend.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e‘Uyaynah, an Abbasid Da’i (missionary), was the son of the previous Governor Musa ibn Ka’b. Musa was a powerful personality and one of the leaders of the Abbasid revolution, who also held the governorship of Egypt and other important offices - his importance is attested by the fact that his name (in form of ...son of...) appears on the coins of his son Uyaynah, the only such instance for the entire Caliphal coinage of Sindh. It seems that ‘Uyaynah served as Lieutenant Governor of Sindh for some or all of his father’s governorship, certainly after Musa left Sindh for Iraq in 754 CE. ‘Uyaynah succeeded his father as Governor of Sindh upon his death in 758 CE, but was not given his father’s offices in Egypt, which seems to have precipitated ‘Uyaynah’s renunciation of allegiance to the Caliph. Caliph al-Mansur sent one ‘Umar bin Hafs to take control of Sindh and ‘Uyaynah was killed in 760 CE [Al-Tabari 1985-2007: v.28: 75, 77-78].\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50540716425531,"sku":"x13959-592210","price":195.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59219.jpg?v=1756323278"},{"product_id":"rrrr-silver-damma-abd-al-malik-c-717-720-ce-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m25","title":"RRRR silver damma, Abd al-Malik (c.717\/720 CE), governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M25)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRR silver damma, Muhammad I (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M32)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e(Lillah) ‘Abd \/ al-Malik\u003c\/em\u003e (In God, ‘Abd al-Malik), two dots below \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around. 13mm, 0.60 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M25.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoins of Abd al-Malik are extremely rare - two examples were located by Fishman\/Todd, and the coins are given the highest rarity (RRRR). \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome extremely rare coins of early style, found in the hoard containing the early Islamic three-dot coins, name a certain ‘Abd al-Malik. His title is unknown because, unlike his near-contemporary Amir Muhammad I, ‘Abd al-Malik did not disclose it. However, it is possible to investigate his identity, as the historical records do mention an important official with this relatively uncommon name. It seems very likely that ‘Abd al-Malik could be the Umayyad Military Governor of Sindh ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Misma who held office in Sindh and Multan a few years after the conqueror Muhammad bin Qasim, from ca. 717 to perhaps 720 CE (or earlier). According to the historian Khalifah ibn Khayyat [Ibn Khayyat 1985: 322] ‘Abd al-Malik was appointed by ‘Adi ibn Artah al-Fazari, the Governor of al-Basrah, but dismissed by the Caliph only a few years later. The early style of this type matches the timing of the rule of the Governor ‘Abd al-Malik nicely, so this identification can be made with reasonable certainty.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50540741755195,"sku":"x13963-57724","price":150.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57724.jpg?v=1756324028"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-w-bust-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m26","title":"RRR silver damma w\/bust, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE) of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M26)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Muhammad I (c.720s\/50s CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M26)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBust facing right, Sharada \u003cem\u003eSri \u003c\/em\u003eon the forehead? \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Muhammad in God\") below. 13mm, 0.62 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M26.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name - this is the exceptionally rare \"transitional issue\", which depicted the pre-Islamic bust on the obverse and the name of the Amir on the reverse. Rated RRR in Fishman\/Todd, with only a handful of known coins.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCorrelating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50541389545787,"sku":"x13964-57516","price":85.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57516.jpg?v=1756349722"},{"product_id":"rrrr-silver-damma-w-bust-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m29","title":"RRRR silver damma w\/bust, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE) of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M29)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRRR silver damma w\/bust, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE) of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M29)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBust facing right, arabic \"(fa)nasr\/ fat'h\/ ghazi\" (Victorious conquering warrior)\/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Muhammad in God\") below. 13mm, 0.73 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M29.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name - this is the exceptionally rare \"transitional issue\", which depicted the pre-Islamic bust with the arabic legend placed directly on the face on the obverse and the name of the Amir on the reverse. Rated RRRR in Fishman\/Todd, with only one coin known to the authors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCorrelating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50541393051963,"sku":"x13965-57514","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57514.jpg?v=1756350147"},{"product_id":"rrrr-silver-damma-muhammad-c-720s-50s-ce-and-rabi-multan-abbasids-f-t-m27","title":"RRR silver damma, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE) and Rabi, Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M27)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Muhammad (c.720s\/50s CE) and Rabi, Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M27)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBust facing right, arabic \"Rabi' fanasr\" (Victorious Rabi') over the face \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eMuhammad Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Muhammad in God\") below. 13mm, 0.67 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M29.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are among the earliest Multani coins giving a Muslim name - this is the exceptionally rare \"transitional issue\", which depicted the pre-Islamic bust with the arabic legend (naming Rabi', probably a local judge or magistrate) placed directly on the face on the obverse and the name of the Amir on the reverse. Rated RRR in Fishman\/Todd, with only a few coins known to the authors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCorrelating this “Muhammad” with other Muhammads recorded in the histories is next to impossible. This name was, of course, a very common one, so it is hard to identify him with the various known Muhammads from the governors’ lists. With the exception of Muhammad bin Qasim, Sindh did not have governors named Muhammad until ca. 775 CE (there were, in fact, at least four governors named “Muhammad” during the Abbasid period, ruling in the last quarter of the 8th century CE), so Muhammad I must have been a local Amir of Multan, subject to the current governor of Sindh. Listing the name of the local Amir, and not the governor of Sindh or the Caliph, may perhaps indicate the degree of independence enjoyed by the local Multani Amir, ruling a rich city far from the centers of the Sindhi and Caliphal governments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50541402423611,"sku":"x13966-57517","price":85.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57517.jpg?v=1756350853"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-hassan-i-c-800-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m47","title":"RRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.800 CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.late 700s-early 800's CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eAllah wali\/ Ḥassān\/ wa nāsar\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the protector of Hassan and (his) helper\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eHassan \/ Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Hassan in God\") below. 13mm, 0.67 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare, with only one example of type M47 published in Fishman and Todd (total of 3 coins of all types published in that catalogue). Coins of Hassan I remain extremely rare.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50541410484539,"sku":"x13974-57725","price":125.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57725.jpg?v=1756352449"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-hassan-i-c-800-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m47-1","title":"RRR silver damma, Hassan I (ca. 800 CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.late 700s-early 800's CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eAllah wali\/ Ḥassān\/ wa nāsar\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the protector of Hassan and (his) helper\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eHassan \/ Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Hassan in God\") below. 13mm, 0.58 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare, with only one example of type M47 published in Fishman and Todd (total of 3 coins of all types published in that catalogue). Coins of Hassan I remain extremely rare.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50559614157115,"sku":"x13990-57773","price":125.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57773.jpg?v=1756937513"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-hassan-i-ca-800-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m47","title":"RRR silver damma, Hassan I (ca. 800 CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.late 700s-early 800's CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eAllah wali\/ Ḥassān\/ wa nāsar\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the protector of Hassan and (his) helper\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eHassan \/ Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Hassan in God\") below. 13mm, 0.61 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare, with only one example of type M47 published in Fishman and Todd (total of 3 coins of all types published in that catalogue). Coins of Hassan I remain extremely rare.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50606794309947,"sku":"x10737-57765","price":45.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57765.jpg?v=1758751517"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-hassan-i-ca-800-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m47-1","title":"RRR silver damma, Hassan I (ca. 800 CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.late 700s-early 800's CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eAllah wali\/ Ḥassān\/ wa nāsar\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the protector of Hassan and (his) helper\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eHassan \/ Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Hassan in God\") below. 13mm, 0.65 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare, with only one example of type M47 published in Fishman and Todd (total of 3 coins of all types published in that catalogue). Coins of Hassan I remain extremely rare.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50606794703163,"sku":"x10700-57763","price":50.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57763.jpg?v=1758751635"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-hassan-i-ca-800-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m47-2","title":"RRR silver damma, Hassan I (ca. 800 CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.late 700s-early 800's CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eAllah wali\/ Ḥassān\/ wa nāsar\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the protector of Hassan and (his) helper\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eHassan \/ Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Hassan in God\") below. 13mm, 0.62 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare, with only one example of type M47 published in Fishman and Todd (total of 3 coins of all types published in that catalogue). Coins of Hassan I remain extremely rare.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50606796144955,"sku":"x10742-57767","price":115.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57767.jpg?v=1758751752"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-hassan-i-ca-800-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m47-3","title":"RRR silver damma, Hassan I (c. 800 CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.late 700s-early 800's CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eAllah wali\/ Ḥassān\/ wa nāsar\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the protector of Hassan and (his) helper\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eHassan \/ Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Hassan in God\") below. 13mm, 0.65 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare, with only one example of type M47 published in Fishman and Todd (total of 3 coins of all types published in that catalogue). Coins of Hassan I remain extremely rare.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50606796833083,"sku":"x10743-57779","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57779.jpg?v=1758751747"},{"product_id":"rrr-silver-damma-hassan-i-c-800-ce-sub-governor-of-multan-abbasids-f-t-m47-2","title":"RRR silver damma, Hassan I (c. 800 CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)","description":"\u003cp\u003eRRR silver damma, Hassan I (c.late 700s-early 800's CE), sub-governor of Multan, Abbasids (F\/T#M47)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArabic \u003cem\u003eAllah wali\/ Ḥassān\/ wa nāsar\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Allah is the protector of Hassan and (his) helper\") \/\/ Stylized fire altar of three dots, stylized Sharada “Sri” above, “ta” to left and “pa” to right, auxiliary marks around, Arabic \u003cem\u003eHassan \/ Lillah\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003e(\"Hassan in God\") below. 13mm, 0.77 grams, Multan mint. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" Type M47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare, with only one example of type M47 published in Fishman and Todd (total of 3 coins of all types published in that catalogue). Coins of Hassan I remain extremely rare.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese coins are studied in detail in \"The Silver Damma\" by Fishman and Todd, now a standard catalogue for this sort of small silver coinage.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50606797521211,"sku":"x10766-57768","price":47.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w57768.jpg?v=1758752079"},{"product_id":"rr-silver-damma-of-imran-bin-musa-of-sindh-c-831-33-ce-abbasid-caliphate-f-t-cs21","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-33 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.46 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50608383754555,"sku":"x10795-59537","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59537.jpg?v=1758831347"},{"product_id":"various-rare-bronze-fals-habbarid-sindh-c-950-1050-5-00-per-coin","title":"Various rare bronze fals, Habbarid Sindh, c.950-1050 - 5.00$ per coin","description":"\u003cp\u003eRare and interesting bunch - bronze fals from Sindh, ca. later 10th-early 11th century. Arabic inscription on either one or both sides, some with floral decorations on one side. Many in the name of Ahmed, Abdallah, Daud, and others, many are unread. A few of these are published in Goron\/Goenka, but most of them are unresearched and unpublished. The coins are small (9-11mm, 0.7-0.8 grams on average). Quality is good, most coins are good enough for retail. Coins are unsorted, the price is \u003cstrong\u003eUS$ 5.00 per coin\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMultiple coins of this type are available. To order more than one coin, just change the quantity in the drop-down menu above. \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003eThese small copper fals were minted in Habbarid Sindh toward the end of the Amirate, during the late 10th and early 11th centuries. These are nearly unknown, compared to their better known silver counterparts, the Habbarid dammas. Some of these coins bear the names Ahmed - presumably Ahmed of Sindh, who ruled in the late 10th century - and Abdallah, likely his son. Other names appearing on these coins, such as Da'ud, are otherwise unknown and may represent minor or late Habbarid rulers who never issued silver coinage and are otherwise unknown. These pieces likely originated from the fragmented remnants of the Habbarid domains. They are fascinating coins, never properly studied or published. I acquired a group of them many years ago, intending to research and publish them one day, though it now seems that may never happen.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMall","offers":[{"title":"1","offer_id":50903960813883,"sku":null,"price":5.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2","offer_id":50903960846651,"sku":null,"price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3","offer_id":50903960879419,"sku":null,"price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"4","offer_id":50903960912187,"sku":null,"price":20.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5","offer_id":50903960944955,"sku":null,"price":25.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"6","offer_id":50903960977723,"sku":null,"price":30.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"7","offer_id":50903961010491,"sku":null,"price":35.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"8","offer_id":50903961043259,"sku":null,"price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"9","offer_id":50903961076027,"sku":null,"price":45.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10","offer_id":50903961108795,"sku":null,"price":50.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20","offer_id":50903961141563,"sku":null,"price":100.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"30","offer_id":50903961174331,"sku":null,"price":150.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"40","offer_id":50903961207099,"sku":null,"price":200.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50","offer_id":50903961239867,"sku":null,"price":250.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100","offer_id":50903961272635,"sku":null,"price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/sindhi-fals.jpg?v=1761836992"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-33-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-33 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.49 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50726799278395,"sku":"x10221-59535","price":25.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59535.jpg?v=1763159027"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-33-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-1","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-33 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50726800785723,"sku":"x10242-59536","price":30.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59536.jpg?v=1763159196"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-33-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-2","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-33 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.50 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50726802161979,"sku":"x10250-59518","price":38.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59518.jpg?v=1763159271"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-33-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-3","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-33 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50726803308859,"sku":"x10248-59533","price":36.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59533.jpg?v=1763159381"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-33-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-4","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-33 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.44 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50726804783419,"sku":"x10254-59532","price":39.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59532.jpg?v=1763159454"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.46 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50727532527931,"sku":"x10257-59526","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59526.jpg?v=1763228278"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-1","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.43 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50727534592315,"sku":"x10258-59529","price":70.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59529.jpg?v=1763228862"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-2","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.44 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50847104172347,"sku":"x13156-59530","price":37.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59530.jpg?v=1765839377"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-3","title":"RR AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, c.831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.42 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50847105155387,"sku":"x13132-59534","price":50.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59534.jpg?v=1765839447"},{"product_id":"rr-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-c-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-4","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, ca.831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50847105417531,"sku":"x13137-59517","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59517.jpg?v=1765839527"},{"product_id":"rare-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, 831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.45 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50878511186235,"sku":"x13189-59524","price":50.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59524.jpg?v=1766694801"},{"product_id":"rare-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-1","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, 831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.46 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50878511677755,"sku":"x13190-59523","price":37.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59523.jpg?v=1766694964"},{"product_id":"rare-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-2","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, 831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.52 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50878512496955,"sku":"x13191-59522","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59522.jpg?v=1766695046"},{"product_id":"rare-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-3","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, 831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.47 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51020615876923,"sku":"x4062-59528","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59528.jpg?v=1772682920"},{"product_id":"rare-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-4","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, 831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare! Silver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.48 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51020616401211,"sku":"x4090-59525","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59525.jpg?v=1772682980"},{"product_id":"rrrr-unknown-silver-damma-sindh","title":"RRRR unknown silver damma, Sindh, c.712\/730 CE, local Hindu Rajas under Muslim Sindh","description":"\u003cp\u003eStylized sun \/\/ Brahmi letter \u003cem\u003eSri\u003c\/em\u003e. 8mm, 0.30 grams. Fishman\/Todd -; cf. Steve Album Online Auction 18, lot 720.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSri in similar to issues in the name of Rana Vigraha. It probably dates to the short period of anarchy which followed the Arab conquest of Sindh around 712 CE. The Caliphate lost control over Sindh in the years to come, and local rulers minted various coins during this time. This coinage is very poorly understood at this time, but usually featured the sun on obverse, a reference to the locally popular worship of the sun-god. Thus, this coinage is Hindu and not Islamic, probably issued by a local Hindu ruler, minted either when the central authority of Raja Dahir collapsed, or in the later decades when the ruler was temporarily free of the Islamic rule. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe wrote an article on this type, known from a single small hoard from a few years ago, but it is yet to be published.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMall","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51206903365947,"sku":"x11695-56462","price":75.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w56462.jpg?v=1777492577"},{"product_id":"rare-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-6","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, 831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eSilver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.49 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51318578086203,"sku":"x12245-59521","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59521.jpg?v=1780788843"},{"product_id":"rare-ar-damma-of-interim-governor-imran-831-833-ce-sindh-abbasids-f-t-cs20-7","title":"Rare AR damma of Interim Governor 'Imran, 831-833 CE, Sindh, Abbasids (F\/T#CS20)","description":"\u003cp\u003eSilver damma of 'Imran bin Musa, struck ca.831-833 CE, Interim Governor of Sindh under his father Musa al-Barmaki, Abbasid Caliphate\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e Allah ahad \/ mimma amar bihi \/ al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAllah is one, by the order of al-Marahal\u003c\/em\u003e) \/\/ \u003cem\u003eMuhammad \/ rasul \/ Allah \/ Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMuhammad is the messenger of God, Barmaki\u003c\/em\u003e). 9mm, 0.49 grams. Fishman\/Todd \"The Silver Damma\" #CS20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese extremely rare coins were minted in the name of \"Al-Marahal\", meaning \"interim\". It seems rather likely that the serving lieutenant governor of Sindh who chose not to place his name on the coins (as was the contemporary custom) but instead used a more humble title or epithet (\u003cem\u003einterim (governor\u003c\/em\u003e)). \"Al-Marahal\" almost certainly refers to 'Imran bin Musa, the son of the current Sindhi governor who is known to have served under his father as lieutenant governor. 'Imran and his father Musa were from the famous Barmakid family which raised its riches and prominence under the Abbasid Caliphs only to suffer a spectacular downfall during the reign of Harun al-Rashid. Musa was the only survivor of the main branch of the family which was decimated by Harun in a bloody episode in the early 800s CE. These coins were unknown until 2018, when this type was read and published in the Fishman\/Todd's \"The Silver Damma\". A few of these coins sold for 300-500$ (see the recent auctions by Steve Album), though now they are more available and affordable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NumisMallstore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51325170155835,"sku":"x13331-59519","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/files\/w59519.jpg?v=1781021482"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0447\/1750\/6710\/collections\/yahya.jpg?v=1600262606","url":"https:\/\/www.numismall.com\/collections\/caliphal-governors-of-sind-712-850-ad.oembed?page=2","provider":"NumisMall","version":"1.0","type":"link"}